Noh Masks: Expressions on Masks for Female Roles

There are approximately sixty basic types of masks used in Noh plays. Among them, masks worn for female roles are particularly well known and rich in variety. Masks for female roles might look alike, sharing similar facial features such as long, flat faces with fair complexions and sharp noses. However, differences in age and personality are subtly expressed. For instance, a mask for the role of a young woman can be chosen from among several different types. The Ko omote type represents pure and innocent beauty, the Zo onna type embodies divine gracefulness, the Magojiro type is characterized by its calm benevolence, while the Manbi type emanates charming beauty.

These differences are utilized in Noh plays. In fact, there are no clear rules defining which masks are to be used for what roles. In the Noh play Hagoromo, for example, the mask to wear for the role of a heavenly maiden is chosen by the Noh dancer from among the Ko omote, Zo onna, or Waka onna types. The dancer then plays the role in a way that reflects the expression on the chosen mask. Thus the impression a particular character gives changes according to the mask chosen by the dancer, which indicates the importance of Noh masks.

This exhibition showcases various types of Noh and Kyogen masks for female roles as well as ones used for the role of vengeful female spirits. Visitors are invited to view the subtle expressions of these female masks.