Painting and Calligraphy | 16th–19th century
-
Letters (detail), By Sakai Hōitsu, Edo period, 18th–19th century
Japanese Gallery (Honkan) Room 8
April 8, 2025 (Tue) - May 25, 2025 (Sun)A thriving economy, foreign trade, and better education invigorated the development of painting and calligraphy. Previously, ruling classes like the samurai and court nobility were the main patrons of art. But in the Edo period (1603–1868), more people started to benefit from the economy. Successful merchants in particular gained the wealth to support artists and buy their works.
Many painters continued working in traditional styles, while others started looking to outside sources for inspiration. Paintings and painting manuals imported from China were one source. Another was the books and prints that traders brought from Europe, which showed techniques like realistic shading and perspective. As a result, painting in Japan became more diverse in style and subject matter.
Meanwhile, the ancient custom of writing with a brush and ink continued. The literacy rate increased dramatically as schools for different social classes were established, particularly in cities and towns. The publishing industry thrived and more people took up the art of calligraphy.
| Designation | Name | Creation/ Excavation/ Provenance |
Period | Acquisition/ Ownership/ Accession Number |
CMT | ||
| Highlight | Birds and Flowers of the Four Seasons, Vol. I | By Sakai Hōitsu (1761–1828) | Edo period, 1818 | A-85-1 | |||
| "Sponge Gourd and Water Hyacinths" from the Album "Exquisite Flowers from the Realm of Immortals" | By Itō Jakuchū (1716–1800) | Edo period, 1768 | A-12445-5 | ||||
| "Corn and Sea Bindweed" from the Album "Exquisite Flowers from the Realm of Immortals" | By Itō Jakuchū (1716–1800) | Edo period, 1768 | A-12445-22 | ||||
| Highlight | Satirical Poems ("Kyōka") | By Ōta Nanpo (1749–1823) | Edo period, 18th–19th century | Gift of Mr. Nitta Chikasuke, B-2545 |